ENTRY PKS78 0 PKS78 0 1 SUBENT PKS78 1 0 PKS78 1 1 BIB 12 83 PKS78 1 2 INSTITUTE (AULAML) PKS78 1 3 REFERENCE (J,PR/C,17,5,1550,1978) PKS78 1 4 AUTHORS (B.M.PAINE,S.R.KENNETT,D.G.SARGOOD) PKS78 1 5 TITLE (P,GAMMA) RESONANCE STRENGTHS IN THE S-D SHELL PKS78 1 6 FACILITY (VDG) 5-MV PELLETRON ACCELERATOR, SCHOOL OF PHYSICS, PKS78 1 7 UNIVERSITY OF MELBOURNE, PARKVILLE, VICTORIA, PKS78 1 8 AUSTRALIA. PKS78 1 9 INC-PART (P) PROTONS. PKS78 1 10 TARGETS TARGET MATERIALS WERE EVAPORATED ONTO CARBON BACKINGS PKS78 1 11 WITH THICKNESSES OF 10 AND 40 MICROGRAM/CM**2. THESE PKS78 1 12 CARBON FOILS WERE MOUNTED ON TANTALUM FRAMES. VARIOUS PKS78 1 13 TARGET MATERIALS WERE USED. EACH TARGET CONTAINED AT PKS78 1 14 LEAST TWO OF THE ELEMENTS BEING CONSIDERED SO RATIOS PKS78 1 15 COULD BE DETERMINED. FOR MEASUREMENTS INVOLVING PKS78 1 16 PHOSPHORUS, THE COMPOUND USED WAS NA4P2O7. A THIN PKS78 1 17 LAYER OF ALUMINUM WAS ALSO EVAPORATED ONTO THE TARGET PKS78 1 18 SO STRENGTH DATA COULD BE NORMALIZED TO THE KNOWN PKS78 1 19 ABSOLUTE STRENGTH OF THE EP = 633-KEV RESONANCE IN PKS78 1 20 27AL(P,GAMMA)28SI. TARGET ANALYSIS WAS ACCOMPLISHED PKS78 1 21 USING RUTHERFORD SCATTERING OF ALPHA PARTICLES AT PKS78 1 22 ENERGIES IN THE RANGE 3 - 4 MEV AND AT ANGLES OF PKS78 1 23 120 - 145 DEGREES. ANALYSIS OF THE NA4P2O7 TARGET PKS78 1 24 ELASTIC ALPHA-PARTICLE SCATTERING DATA SHOWED THAT PKS78 1 25 THE RATIO OF SODIUM TO PHOSPHORUS WAS CLOSER TO PKS78 1 26 UNITY THAN TO THE EXPECTED RATIO OF 2 IMPLIED BY PKS78 1 27 THE CHEMICAL FORMULA. THIS EXPERIMENTAL RATIO PKS78 1 28 WAS FOUND TO BE STABLE UNDER PROTON BOMBARDMENT. PKS78 1 29 METHOD THE EXPERIMENTAL ARRANGEMENT IS SHOWN SCHEMATICALLY PKS78 1 30 IN FIGURE 2 OF THE ORIGINAL PAPER. THE TARGET WAS PKS78 1 31 MOUNTED IN VACUUM IN A SCATTERING CHAMBER. PROTON PKS78 1 32 BEAMS WERE PROVIDED BY THE 5-MV MELBOURNE PELLETRON PKS78 1 33 ACCELERATOR. BEAM CURRENTS OF ABOUT 0.5 MICROAMP PKS78 1 34 WITH AN ENERGY RESOLUTION OF 300 EV WERE USED. PKS78 1 35 THE PROTON BEAM WAS COLLIMATED TO 2-MM IN DIAMETER PKS78 1 36 AND SECONDARY ELECTRON EMISSION WAS SUPPRESSED BY PKS78 1 37 HOLDING THE COLLIMATOR APERTURES AT -600 VDC. PKS78 1 38 SINCE MOLECULAR HYDROGEN BEAMS WERE USED FOR SOME PKS78 1 39 OF THE (P,GAMMA) MEASUREMENTS AND SINGLY-CHARGED PKS78 1 40 HELIUM BEAMS WERE USED FOR SOME OF THE RUTHERFORD PKS78 1 41 SCATTERING, THE CHARGE COLLECTED ON THE FARADAY PKS78 1 42 CUP COULD NOT BE RELIED UPON TO GIVE AN ACCURATE PKS78 1 43 REPRESENTATION OF THE CHARGE ON TARGET. THEREFORE, PKS78 1 44 THE TARGET LADDER WAS HELD AT +630 VDC AND THE PKS78 1 45 CURRENT RECORDED FROM IT WAS ADDED TO THE FARADAY PKS78 1 46 CUP CURRENT TO GIVE THE TOTAL TARGET CURRENT. PKS78 1 47 THE EXCITATION FUNCTIONS WERE TRACED OUT IN STEPS OF PKS78 1 48 ABOUT 0.25 KEV ACROSS THE REGION OF INTEREST. THE PKS78 1 49 GAMMA-RAY YIELD WAS MEASURED BY OBSERVING THE PKS78 1 50 STRONGEST ONE OR TWO FULL-ENERGY PEAKS IN SPECTRA PKS78 1 51 OBTAINED WITH THE GE(LI) DETECTOR PLACED AT 90 PKS78 1 52 DEGREES AND ABOUT 1 CM AWAY FROM THE TARGET. THE PKS78 1 53 ABSOLUTE EFFICIENCY OF THIS DETECTION TECHNIQUE PKS78 1 54 WAS WAS ESTABLISHED BY OBSERVING AN ISOLATED PKS78 1 55 RESONANCE WHICH PRODUCED A CLEAN GAMMA-RAY SPECTRUM PKS78 1 56 THAT COULD BE MEASURED USING THE NAI DETECTOR. PKS78 1 57 THIS DETECTOR WAS PLACED AT 125 DEGREES, A KNOWN PKS78 1 58 NODE OF THE LEGENDRE POLYNOMIAL FUNCTION P2. PKS78 1 59 THE EFFICIENCY OF THE NAI DETECTOR WAS CALCULATED PKS78 1 60 USING KNOWN PHOTON CROSS SECTIONS FROM THE PKS78 1 61 LITERATURE AND VALIDATED BY MEASUREMENTS USING PKS78 1 62 CALIBRATED RADIOACTIVE GAMMA-RAY SOURCES. THE PKS78 1 63 RUTHERFORD-SCATTERED ALPHA PARTICLES WERE DETECTED PKS78 1 64 WITH A SILICON SURFACE-BARRIER DETECTOR. THIS PKS78 1 65 DETECTOR HAD A 1-MM APERTURE PLACED 4.7 CM FROM PKS78 1 66 THE TARGET SPOT. FOR THE MOST PART, THE SPECTRUM PKS78 1 67 PEAKS CORRESPONDING TO ALPHA-PARTICLE SCATTERING PKS78 1 68 FROM VARIOUS TARGET ELEMENTS WERE RESOLVED. THE PKS78 1 69 RESONANCE STRENGTH RATIO DATA WERE ULTIMATELY PKS78 1 70 NORMALIZED TO THE KNOWN STRENGTH OF 3.26 EV (WITH PKS78 1 71 AN ERROR OF 0.4 EV) OF THE EP = 633-KEV RESONANCE PKS78 1 72 IN 27AL(P,GAMMA)28SI TO GENERATE ABSOLUTE STRENGTHS. PKS78 1 73 DETECTORS (GELI) 70-CM**3 GE(LI) DETECTOR. PKS78 1 74 (SCINT) 12.7-CM X 15.2-CM NAI(TL) SCINTILLATION PKS78 1 75 CRYSTAL DETECTOR. PKS78 1 76 (SOLST) 200 MICROMETER-THICK SILICON SURFACE PKS78 1 77 BARRIER DETECTOR. PKS78 1 78 MONITOR (CI) CURRENT INTEGRATOR. PKS78 1 79 CORRECTION CORRECTIONS FOR GAMMA-RAY ATTENUATION AND DETECTOR PKS78 1 80 EFFICIENCY WERE APPLIED. PKS78 1 81 ERR-ANALYS THE ABSOLUTE ERROR IN GAMMA-RAY DETECTION EFFICIENCY PKS78 1 82 WAS FOUND TO BE ABOUT 4 PERCENT. THE ERRORS IN RATIOS PKS78 1 83 OF RESONANCE STRENGTHS WERE ESTIMATED TO BE ABOUT 2 PKS78 1 84 PERCENT. PKS78 1 85 ENDBIB 83 PKS78 1 86 ENDSUBENT 1 PKS78 199999 SUBENT PKS78 2 0 PKS78 2 1 BIB 2 13 PKS78 2 2 REACTIONS A: 31P(P,GAMMA)32S PKS78 2 3 B: 27AL(P,GAMMA)28SI PKS78 2 4 COMMENTS ABSOLUTE RESONANCE STRENGTH IS GIVEN. EP = PROTON PKS78 2 5 RESONANCE ENERGY. S = RESONANCE STRENGTH = PKS78 2 6 (2J+1)*GAM(P)*GAM(G)/GAM(T), WHERE J = RESONANCE PKS78 2 7 SPIN, GAM(P) = PROTON WIDTH, GAM(G) = GAMMA-RAY PKS78 2 8 WIDTH, AND GAM(T) = TOTAL WIDTH. S-ERR = ERROR IN PKS78 2 9 S. EPA = PROTON RESONANCE ENERGY FOR REACTION "A". PKS78 2 10 EPB = PROTON RESONANCE ENERGY FOR REACTION B. PKS78 2 11 SA = STRENGTH OF REACTION "A". SB = STRENGTH OF PKS78 2 12 REACTION "B". MEASURED REACTION IS "A". STANDARD PKS78 2 13 REACTION IS "B". VALUE OF SB IS OBTAINED FROM THE PKS78 2 14 LITERATURE. DATA FROM TABLE II. PKS78 2 15 ENDBIB 13 PKS78 2 16 DATA 6 1 PKS78 2 17 EPA SA SA-ERR EPB SB SB-ERR PKS78 2 18 KEV EV EV KEV EV EV PKS78 2 19 811. 0.95 0.20 633. 3.26 0.4 PKS78 2 20 ENDDATA 3 PKS78 2 21 ENDSUBENT 2 PKS78 299999 ENDENTRY 2 PKS789999999